从R中的数据框列中删除重音

Question

我有一个data.table基础。我在这个data.table中有一个术语列

class(base$term)
[1] character
length(base$term)
[1] 27486

我可以从字符串中删除重音符号。我能够从字符串向量中删除重音符号。

iconv("Millésime",to="ASCII//TRANSLIT")
[1] "Millesime"
iconv(c("Millésime","boulangère"),to="ASCII//TRANSLIT")
[1] "Millesime" "boulangere"

但由于某些原因，当我在我的术语列上应用相同的功能时，它不起作用

base$terme[2]
[1] "Millésime"
iconv(base$terme[2],to="ASCII//TRANSLIT")
[1] "MillACsime"

有谁知道这里发生了什么？

Answer 1

在解决问题的方法上：

Encoding(base$terme[2])
[1] "UTF-8"
iconv(base$terme[2],from="UTF-8",to="ASCII//TRANSLIT")
[1] "Millesime"

感谢@nicola

Answer 2

使用stringi包可能更容易。这样，您无需事先检查编码。此外，stringi在操作系统中是一致的，而inconv则不是。

library(stringi)

base <- data.table(terme = c("Millésime", 
                             "boulangère", 
                             "üéâäàåçêëèïîì"))

base[, terme := stri_trans_general(str = terme, 
                                   id = "Latin-ASCII")]

> base
           terme
1:     Millesime
2:    boulangere
3: ueaaaaceeeiii

Answer 3

您可以应用此功能

    rm_accent <- function(str,pattern="all") {
   if(!is.character(str))
    str <- as.character(str)

  pattern <- unique(pattern)

  if(any(pattern=="Ç"))
    pattern[pattern=="Ç"] <- "ç"

  symbols <- c(
    acute = "áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚýÝ",
    grave = "àèìòùÀÈÌÒÙ",
    circunflex = "âêîôûÂÊÎÔÛ",
    tilde = "ãõÃÕñÑ",
    umlaut = "äëïöüÄËÏÖÜÿ",
    cedil = "çÇ"
  )

  nudeSymbols <- c(
    acute = "aeiouAEIOUyY",
    grave = "aeiouAEIOU",
    circunflex = "aeiouAEIOU",
    tilde = "aoAOnN",
    umlaut = "aeiouAEIOUy",
    cedil = "cC"
  )

  accentTypes <- c("´","`","^","~","¨","ç")

  if(any(c("all","al","a","todos","t","to","tod","todo")%in%pattern)) # opcao retirar todos
    return(chartr(paste(symbols, collapse=""), paste(nudeSymbols, collapse=""), str))

  for(i in which(accentTypes%in%pattern))
    str <- chartr(symbols[i],nudeSymbols[i], str) 

  return(str)
}