如何使用 CreateView 在 Django 表单上设置初始值

Question

我有一个表单，希望在字段中设置一些默认值。我使用 View 类的原始解决方案有效

# forms.py
ResultForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = Result
        fields = ("date", "club", "goals_for", "goals_against")
    ...
    @staticmethod
    def get_initial():
        initial = {
            'date': datetime.today().date(),
            'goals_for': 0,
            'goals_against': 0,
        }
        return initial

和

# views.py
class EnterResultView(View):
    template = 'results/enter_result.html'

    def get(self, request):
        form_class = ResultForm()
        form_class.initial = form_class.get_initial()
        context = {
            'form_class': form_class
        }
        return render(request, self.template, context)

但是如果我转换为 CreateView 我无法让字段初始化

# views.py
class EnterResultView(CreateView):
    template_name = 'results/enter_result.html'
    form_class = ResultForm
    form_class.initial = form_class.get_initial()

我必须做什么？

[编辑添加模板]

<!--  results/enter_result.html -->
...
        {% for field in view.form_class %}
            <tr>
                <td style="text-align: right">{{ field.label_tag }}</td>
                <td>{{ field }}</td>
                {% if field.errors %}
                    {% for error in field.errors %}
                        <td class="form-error">{{ error }}</td>
                    {% endfor %}
                {% endif %}
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

Answer 1

具有

FormMixin

[Django-doc] 的视图有一个

.get_initial()

方法 [Django-doc]，因此您可以覆盖它：

class EnterResultView(CreateView):
    template_name = 'results/enter_result.html'
    form_class = ResultForm

    def get_initial(self):
        return self.form_class.get_initial()

A

CreateView

构造一个表单并将其作为

form

传递给视图，您不应该使用 view.form_class

，因为这将构造 

另一个（新）表单，没有任何参数：

{% for field in form %}
    …
{% endfor %}

Answer 2

这是从通用视图设置初始表单值的方法；

# views.py
class EnterResultView(CreateView):
    template_name = 'results/enter_result.html'
    form_class = ResultForm
    
    def get_initial(self):
        initial = super().initial.copy()
        #set initial value of 'bar' in field 'foo'
        initial['foo'] = 'bar'
        return initial