如何在Python中创建动态更新的SelectMultiple小部件？

Question

我正在尝试创建一组

SelectMultiple

小部件，这些小部件将用作 Pandas

df

的过滤器。

以下为示例数据。这个想法是，它是所有列中可用的唯一值的独特组合。

import pandas as pd
data = {
    'category1': ['A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'C', 'B'],
    'category2': ['X', 'Y', 'X', 'Z', 'Y', 'K'],
    'country': ['USA', 'USA', 'UK', 'UK', 'Canada', 'Germany'],
    'department': ['Dept1', 'Dept2', 'Dept1', 'Dept2', 'Dept1', 'Dept4'],
    'category3': ['Cat1', 'Cat2', 'Cat1', 'Cat2', 'Cat1', 'Cat2'],
    'gender': ['Male', 'Female', 'Male', 'Female', 'Male', 'Male'],
    'brand': ['Brand1', 'Brand2', 'Brand3', 'Brand4', 'Brand5', 'Brand2']
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

	类别1	类别2	国家	部门	类别3	性别	品牌
0	A	X	美国	1部	猫1	男	品牌1
1	A	是	美国	2部	猫2	女	品牌2
2	B	X	英国	1部	猫1	男	品牌3
3	B	Z	英国	2部	猫2	女	品牌4
4	C	是	加拿大	1部	猫1	男	品牌5
5	B	K	德国	4 部	猫2	男	品牌2

我想要单向依赖（从左到右），这意味着我总是首先选择

category1

。这个选择限制了所有其他选择。然后我选择

category2

等等。每一步的选择都会更新。

这是我最接近的解决方案：

import ipywidgets as widgets
from IPython.display import display

def update_options(category1, category2, country, department, category3, gender):
    filtered_df = df.copy()
    if category1:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['category1'].isin(category1)]
    if category2:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['category2'].isin(category2)]
    if country:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['country'].isin(country)]
    if department:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['department'].isin(department)]
    if category3:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['category3'].isin(category3)]
    if gender:
        filtered_df = filtered_df[filtered_df['gender'].isin(gender)]
   
    category2_options = filtered_df['category2'].unique().tolist()
    country_options = filtered_df['country'].unique().tolist()
    department_options = filtered_df['department'].unique().tolist()
    category3_options = filtered_df['category3'].unique().tolist()
    gender_options = filtered_df['gender'].unique().tolist()
    brand_options = filtered_df['brand'].unique().tolist()
   
    # Update options for dropdowns
    category2_dropdown.options = category2_options
    country_dropdown.options = country_options
    department_dropdown.options = department_options
    category3_dropdown.options = category3_options
    gender_dropdown.options = gender_options
    brand_dropdown.options = brand_options

# Define initial options for category1 and category2
category1_options = df['category1'].unique().tolist()
category2_options = df['category2'].unique().tolist()

# Create dropdown widgets
category1_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(options=category1_options, description='Category 1:')
category2_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(options=category2_options, description='Category 2:')
country_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Country:')
department_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Department:')
category3_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Category 3:')
gender_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Gender:')
brand_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Brand:')

# Use interact to dynamically update options
widgets.interact(update_options,
                 category1=category1_dropdown,
                 category2=category2_dropdown,
                 country=country_dropdown,
                 department=department_dropdown,
                 category3=category3_dropdown,
                 gender=gender_dropdown)

# Display widgets
display(brand_dropdown) # the others are displayed with widgets.interact() above

它仅部分起作用：后续列的选择已更新，但如果有多个列，我不能只选择一个，只能选择全部。例如，如果我选择

category1=B

，然后在

category2

小部件上，我会正确看到选项

X Z K

，但仅单击一个不起作用（它不会被选中），只能拖动所有选项。

有人知道我错过了什么吗？

非常感谢！

Answer 1

我设法做对了。问题是，如果小部件全部位于一个函数中（一种循环引用），那么小部件会变得混乱。它们需要向下分配。

import pandas as pd
import ipywidgets as widgets
from IPython.display import display

# Sample DataFrame
data = {
    'category1': ['A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'C'],
    'category2': ['X', 'Y', 'X', 'Z', 'Y'],
    'country': ['USA', 'USA', 'UK', 'UK', 'Canada'],
    'department': ['Dept1', 'Dept2', 'Dept1', 'Dept2', 'Dept1'],
    'category3': ['Cat1', 'Cat2', 'Cat1', 'Cat2', 'Cat1'],
    'gender': ['Male', 'Female', 'Male', 'Female', 'Male'],
    'brand': ['Brand1', 'Brand2', 'Brand3', 'Brand4', 'Brand5']
}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# Function to update options of category2_dropdown based on category1 selection
def update_category2_options(change):
    if change.new:        
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(change.new)]
        options = filtered_df['category2'].unique()
        category2_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        category2_dropdown.options = []

# Function to update options of country_dropdown based on category1 and category2 selections
def update_country_options(change):
    if change.new:
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(category1_dropdown.value)]
        if category2_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category2'].isin(category2_dropdown.value)]
        options = filtered_df['country'].unique()
        country_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        country_dropdown.options = []

# Function to update options of department_dropdown based on category1, category2, and country selections
def update_department_options(change):
    if change.new:
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(category1_dropdown.value)]
        if category2_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category2'].isin(category2_dropdown.value)]
        if country_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['country'].isin(country_dropdown.value)]
        options = filtered_df['department'].unique()
        department_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        department_dropdown.options = []

# Function to update options of category3_dropdown based on category1, category2, country, and department selections
def update_category3_options(change):
    if change.new:
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(category1_dropdown.value)]
        if category2_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category2'].isin(category2_dropdown.value)]
        if country_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['country'].isin(country_dropdown.value)]
        if department_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['department'].isin(department_dropdown.value)]
        options =  filtered_df['category3'].unique()
        category3_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        category3_dropdown.options = []

# Function to update options of gender_dropdown based on category1, category2, country, department, and category3 selections
def update_gender_options(change):
    if change.new:
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(category1_dropdown.value)]
        if category2_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category2'].isin(category2_dropdown.value)]
        if country_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['country'].isin(country_dropdown.value)]
        if department_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['department'].isin(department_dropdown.value)]
        if category3_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category3'].isin(category3_dropdown.value)]
        options = filtered_df['gender'].unique()
        gender_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        gender_dropdown.options = []

def update_brand_options(change):
    if change.new:
        filtered_df = df[df['category1'].isin(category1_dropdown.value)]
        if category2_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category2'].isin(category2_dropdown.value)]
        if country_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['country'].isin(country_dropdown.value)]
        if department_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['department'].isin(department_dropdown.value)]
        if category3_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['category3'].isin(category3_dropdown.value)]
        if gender_dropdown.value:
            filtered_df = filtered_df[df['gender'].isin(gender_dropdown.value)]
        options = filtered_df['brand'].unique()
        brand_dropdown.options = options
    else:
        brand_dropdown.options = []

# Create dropdown widgets
category1_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Category 1:', options=df['category1'].unique())
category2_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Category 2:', options=[])
country_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Country:', options=[])
department_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Department:', options=[])
category3_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Category 3:', options=[])
gender_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Gender:', options=[])
brand_dropdown = widgets.SelectMultiple(description='Brand:', options=[])

# Use observe to dynamically update options
category1_dropdown.observe(update_category2_options, names='value')
category1_dropdown.observe(update_country_options, names='value')
category1_dropdown.observe(update_department_options, names='value')
category1_dropdown.observe(update_category3_options, names='value')
category1_dropdown.observe(update_gender_options, names='value')
category1_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

category2_dropdown.observe(update_country_options, names='value')
category2_dropdown.observe(update_department_options, names='value')
category2_dropdown.observe(update_category3_options, names='value')
category2_dropdown.observe(update_gender_options, names='value')
category2_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

country_dropdown.observe(update_department_options, names='value')
country_dropdown.observe(update_category3_options, names='value')
country_dropdown.observe(update_gender_options, names='value')
country_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

department_dropdown.observe(update_category3_options, names='value')
department_dropdown.observe(update_gender_options, names='value')
department_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

category3_dropdown.observe(update_gender_options, names='value')
category3_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

gender_dropdown.observe(update_brand_options, names='value')

# Display widgets
display(category1_dropdown, category2_dropdown, country_dropdown, department_dropdown, category3_dropdown, gender_dropdown, brand_dropdown)