更新数组和内数组中所有匹配的对象。

Question

我有这样的文档结构

{
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 3,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         }
    ]
}

我想更新所有具有以下功能的对象。userId 的 1 和 handleName 的 John Doe.注意，对象可以有相同的句柄名，但不同的用户ID。这就是为什么我需要将它与 userId 首先。

例如，我想把句柄名称改为 Donald Stark

我希望有这样的结果。

{
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "Donald Stark",
              "orderAmount": 3,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "Donald Stark",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         }
    ]
}

如何实现？

更新:我忘了我还有一个内部数组，我也想更新。

Answer 1

我们可以使用 $[标识符] 操作符来更新数组中的特定对象

所以你的更新查询应该是这样的

db.collection.updateOne(
    { _id: <OBJECT_ID> }, // filter part, add the real objectId here
    { $set: { 'orders.$[order].handleName': 'Donald Stark' } }, // update part
    { arrayFilters: [{ 'order.userId': 1, 'order.handleName': 'John Doe' }] 
})

$[order]只更新符合数组过滤器条件的对象。

---

更新

如果你有一个内数组，并且你需要对内数组中的元素做同样的事情，我们可以使用类似于这样的方法。

db.collection.updateOne(
    { _id: <OBJECT_ID> }, // filter part, add the real objectId here
    { $set: { 
        'orders.$[order].handleName': 'Donald Stark', // to set the handleName in the elements of the outer array
        'orders.$[].others.$[other].handleName': 'Donald Stark' // to set the handleName in the elements of the inner array
    } },
    { arrayFilters: [{ 'order.userId': 1, 'order.handleName': 'John Doe' }, { 'other.userId': 1, 'other.handleName': 'John Doe' }] }
)

我们用 $[] 循环处理订单数组中的所有元素，然后使用 $[other] 根据数组过滤器中的新条件更新内部数组中的特定元素。

希望对你有帮助

Answer 2

这样的东西能解决你的问题吗？

d = {
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 3
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4
         }
    ]
}

def change_name(usr_id, old_name, new_name):
    for usr in d['orders']:
        if usr['userId'] == usr_id and usr['handleName'] == old_name:
            usr['handleName'] = new_name

change_name(1, 'John Doe', 'Donald Stark')