如何在连接到单独框架但框架彼此叠置的两个不同画布上设置单独的鼠标滚动？

Question

我知道标题有点难以理解，所以让我在这里更好地解释一下：

我有一个类继承了我在上一个窗口中所做的选择，现在该类内部有几个方法（函数），其中一个是在我的某个部分创建三个框架的方法根框架。在该方法中，我还创建了两个不同类的两个实例，其中包含我想要放置在上述 3 个框架中的 2 个框架中的所有必要信息。

我想要实现的目标是让 2 个框架一个在另一个之上。这些框架将相应地被调用，以显示在我在代码中添加的每 2 个按钮的顶部。每个框架都包含一个画布，其中还包含一堆表格，我尝试滚动浏览所有内容，以便能够更好地呈现表格和这些表格中的数据。

我的问题是，每当我使用“bind_all”设置滚动时，它只会在设置为首先显示的框架上滚动，即使我单击交换框架的按钮（并且它确实成功地交换了它），它仍然会滚动背景中的另一个框架（根据我的打印声明）。但是，如果我将其设置为“绑定”，我只会得到我正在寻找的结果，但问题是我无法在此处的所有小部件顶部滚动，我只能在左侧的薄垂直区域上滚动每个帧。

有问题的代码：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import Listbox, messagebox, StringVar, ttk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk

class Coupler15(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, selected_items):
        super().__init__()
        self.configure_window()
        self.create_basics_frame(selected_items)
        self.create_connection_frame()
        self.create_measurement_frame()

    def configure_window(self):
        self.configure(background='light grey')
        screen_width = self.winfo_screenwidth()
        screen_height = self.winfo_screenheight()
        self.geometry(f"{screen_width}x{screen_height}+0+0")
        self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_closing)

    def create_basics_frame(self, selected_items):
        # Basics frame, not necessary info

    def create_connection_frame(self):
        # Connection frame, not necessary info

    def create_measurement_frame(self):
        
        options_frame=tk.Frame(self, relief="raised", bg="light grey", bd=2, height=35, width=208)
        
        button_30kV=tk.Button(options_frame, text='30kV range', font=("Helvetica", 10), command=self.show_30kV_page)
        button_30kV.place(x=0, y=0, width=100)
        button_30kV.configure(background="light grey")
        button_30kV.configure(foreground="black")
        button_30kV.configure(activebackground="dark grey")
        button_30kV.configure(bd=3)
        
        button_6kV=tk.Button(options_frame, text='6kV range', font=("Helvetica", 10), command=self.show_6kV_page)
        button_6kV.place(x=102, y=0, width=100)
        button_6kV.configure(background="light grey")
        button_6kV.configure(foreground="black")
        button_6kV.configure(activebackground="dark grey")
        button_6kV.configure(bd=3)
        
        options_frame.pack(pady=5)
        options_frame.place(x=310, y=5)

        self._6kV_frame = tk.Frame(self, relief="raised", bg="light grey", bd=2, height=750, width=1360)
        self._6kV_frame.pack()
        self._6kV_frame.place(x=310, y=40)

        self._30kV_frame = tk.Frame(self, relief="raised", bg="light grey", bd=2, height=750, width=1360)
        self._30kV_frame.pack()
        self._30kV_frame.place(x=310, y=40)

        for i in [self, self._30kV_frame, self._6kV_frame, options_frame]:
            i.configure(background="light grey")

        self._30kV_page=_30kV_page(parent=self, _30kV_frame=self._30kV_frame)
        self._6kV_page=_6kV_page(parent=self, _6kV_frame=self._6kV_frame)

    def show_30kV_page(self):
        self._30kV_frame.tkraise()
    
    def show_6kV_page(self):
        self._6kV_frame.tkraise()

class _30kV_page(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, _30kV_frame):
        super().__init__(parent)
        
        self._30kV_canvas=tk.Canvas(_30kV_frame, bg="light grey")
        _30kV_scrollbar=ttk.Scrollbar(_30kV_frame, orient="vertical", command=self._30kV_canvas.yview)
        _30kV_scrollable_frame=tk.Frame(self._30kV_canvas, bg="light grey")
        _30kV_scrollable_frame.bind("<Configure>", lambda e: self._30kV_canvas.configure(scrollregion=self._30kV_canvas.bbox("all")))
        self._30kV_canvas.create_window((50,50), window=_30kV_scrollable_frame, anchor="nw")
        self._30kV_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=_30kV_scrollbar.set)
        self._30kV_canvas.config(height=750, width=1345)
        self._30kV_canvas.bind("<MouseWheel>", self._30kV_mouse_wheel_movement)
        self._30kV_canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
        _30kV_scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")

        _30kV_frame_label=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="3. Measurements", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 9))
        _30kV_frame_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)

        table_labels=["Index", "Upeak [kV]", "+Upeak/1,41 [kV]", "-Upeak/1,41 [kV]", "f [Hz]", "Temp [°C]", "Uist CC100ref", "Umess Prüfung", "Diff. [%]", "crest factor", "Divider"]

        _15kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="15kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _15kV.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=20)
        table_frame_15=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_15.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=50)
        table_15 = self.create_table(table_frame_15, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _13kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="13kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _13kV.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_13=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_13.grid(row=2, column=0, pady= 40)
        table_13 = self.create_table(table_frame_13, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _11kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="11kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _11kV.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_11=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_11.grid(row=3, column=0, pady=40)
        table_11 = self.create_table(table_frame_11, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _9kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="9kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _9kV.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_9=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_9.grid(row=4, column=0, pady=40)
        table_9 = self.create_table(table_frame_9, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _7kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="7kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _7kV.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_7=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_7.grid(row=5, column=0, pady=40)
        table_7 = self.create_table(table_frame_7, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _5kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="5kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _5kV.grid(row=6, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_5=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_5.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=40)
        table_5 = self.create_table(table_frame_5, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _3kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="3kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _3kV.grid(row=7, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_3=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_3.grid(row=7, column=0, pady=40)
        table_3 = self.create_table(table_frame_3, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _1kV=tk.Label(_30kV_scrollable_frame, text="1kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _1kV.grid(row=8, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_1=tk.Frame(_30kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_1.grid(row=8, column=0, pady=40)
        table_1 = self.create_table(table_frame_1, 11, 11, table_labels)

        for i in [self, self._30kV_canvas, _30kV_scrollable_frame, _30kV_frame, _30kV_frame_label, _15kV, _13kV, _11kV, _9kV, _7kV, _5kV, _3kV, _1kV]:
            i.configure(background="light grey")
    
    def show_30kV_page(self):
        self._30kV_frame.tkraise()

    def _30kV_mouse_wheel_movement(self, event):
        print("Scrolling on 30kV page")
        self._30kV_canvas.yview_scroll(int(-1*(event.delta/120)), "units")
    
    def create_table(self, root, rows, columns, column_labels=None):
        table = []
        if column_labels:
            label_row = []
            for j, label_text in enumerate(column_labels):
                label = tk.Label(root, text=label_text, bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
                label.grid(row=0, column=j, sticky="nsew")
                label_row.append(label)
            table.append(label_row)

        for i in range(1, rows):  # Start from 1 to skip the first row reserved for labels
            row = []
            for j in range(columns):
                cell = tk.Entry(root, width=19, justify="center")
                cell.grid(row=i, column=j)
                cell.insert(tk.END, "0")
                row.append(cell)
            table.append(row)
        return table

class _6kV_page(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, _6kV_frame):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self._6kV_canvas=tk.Canvas(_6kV_frame, bg="light grey")
        _6kV_scrollbar=ttk.Scrollbar(_6kV_frame, orient="vertical", command=self._6kV_canvas.yview)
        _6kV_scrollable_frame=tk.Frame(self._6kV_canvas, bg="light grey")
        _6kV_scrollable_frame.bind("<Configure>", lambda e: self._6kV_canvas.configure(scrollregion=self._6kV_canvas.bbox("all")))
        self._6kV_canvas.create_window((50,50), window=_6kV_scrollable_frame, anchor="nw")
        self._6kV_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=_6kV_scrollbar.set)
        self._6kV_canvas.config(height=750, width=1345)
        self._6kV_canvas.bind("<MouseWheel>", self._6kV_mouse_wheel_movement)
        self._6kV_canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
        _6kV_scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")

        _6kV_frame_label=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="3. Measurements", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 9))
        _6kV_frame_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)

        # THIS NEEDS TO BE REWORKED
        table_labels=["Index", "Upeak [kV]", "+Upeak/1,41 [kV]", "-Upeak/1,41 [kV]", "f [Hz]", "Temp [°C]", "Uist CC100ref", "Umess Prüfung", "Diff. [%]", "crest factor", "Divider"]

        _6kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="6kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _6kV.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=20)
        table_frame_6=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_6.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=50)
        table_6 = self.create_table(table_frame_6, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _5kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="5kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _5kV.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_5=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_5.grid(row=2, column=0, pady= 40)
        table_5 = self.create_table(table_frame_5, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _4kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="4kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _4kV.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_4=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_4.grid(row=3, column=0, pady=40)
        table_4 = self.create_table(table_frame_4, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _3kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="3kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _3kV.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_3=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_3.grid(row=4, column=0, pady=40)
        table_3 = self.create_table(table_frame_3, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _2kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="2kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _2kV.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_2=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_2.grid(row=5, column=0, pady=40)
        table_2 = self.create_table(table_frame_2, 11, 11, table_labels)

        _1kV=tk.Label(_6kV_scrollable_frame, text="1kV", bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
        _1kV.grid(row=6, column=0, sticky="nw", pady=10)
        table_frame_1=tk.Frame(_6kV_scrollable_frame, relief="sunken", bg="light grey", borderwidth=2, height=730, width=1345)
        table_frame_1.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=40)
        table_1 = self.create_table(table_frame_1, 11, 11, table_labels)

        for i in [self, _6kV_frame, _6kV_frame_label, _6kV, _5kV, _4kV, _3kV, _2kV, _1kV, _6kV_scrollable_frame, self._6kV_canvas]:
            i.configure(background="light grey")


    def _6kV_mouse_wheel_movement(self, event):
        print("Scrolling on 6kV page")
        self._6kV_canvas.yview_scroll(int(-1*(event.delta/120)), "units")
    
    def create_table(self, root, rows, columns, column_labels=None):
        table = []
        if column_labels:
            label_row = []
            for j, label_text in enumerate(column_labels):
                label = tk.Label(root, text=label_text, bg="light grey", font=("Helvetica", 10))
                label.grid(row=0, column=j, sticky="nsew")
                label_row.append(label)
            table.append(label_row)

        for i in range(1, rows):  # Start from 1 to skip the first row reserved for labels
            row = []
            for j in range(columns):
                cell = tk.Entry(root, width=19, justify="center")
                cell.grid(row=i, column=j)
                cell.insert(tk.END, "0")
                row.append(cell)
            table.append(row)
        return table

非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

由于

bind_all()

会覆盖之前的绑定，所以只有最后一个绑定有效。

您需要在凸起的框架上调用

bind_all()

：

class Coupler15(tk.Toplevel):
    ...

    def create_measurement_frame(self):
        ...

        # need to raise one of the frame to activate the binding
        self.show_30kV_page()

    def show_30kV_page(self):
        self._30kV_frame.tkraise()
        self._30kV_page.setup_binding() # activate the binding

    def show_6kV_page(self):
        self._6kV_frame.tkraise()
        self._6kV_page.setup_binding() # activate the binding

class _30kV_page(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, _30kV_frame):
        ...
        # don't call bind_all() here
        #self._30kV_canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", self._30kV_mouse_wheel_movement)
        ...

    # new function to activate the binding
    def setup_binding(self):
        self._30kV_canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", self._30kV_mouse_wheel_movement)

    ...

class _6kV_page(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, _6kV_frame):
        ...
        # don't call bind_all() here
        #self._6kV_canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", self._6kV_mouse_wheel_movement)
        ...

    # new function to activate the binding
    def setup_binding(self):
        self._6kV_canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", self._6kV_mouse_wheel_movement)

    ...