Prisma：未知的参数别名。可用选项以绿色列出。如何解决这个问题？

Question

我在使用 Prisma 时遇到问题，收到错误消息“未知参数别名。可用选项以绿色列出。”当我尝试将数据插入具有名为别名的关系字段的 Prisma 模型时，会发生此错误。我检查了 Prisma 文档并检查了我的代码，但我似乎找不到问题的根源。

我尝试将数据插入到我的 Prisma 模型中，其中包含名为“别名”的关系。我期望数据能够成功插入数据库。但是，我收到一条错误消息，指出“未知参数别名。可用选项以绿色列出。”我对此错误的原因感到困惑，想了解为什么会发生以及如何解决它。 以下来源：

schema.prisma

model Language {
  id        Int      @id @default(autoincrement())
  name      String   @unique
  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt

  pastes Paste[] @relation("paste_language")
  aliases LanguageAlias[] @relation("language_alias")
  extensions LanguageExtension[] @relation("language_extension")

  @@map("language")
}

seedLanguage.js

const { languages } = require("@codemirror/language-data");

async function createFakeLanguages(nbLanguages) {
  if (!nbLanguages || typeof nbLanguages !== "number" || nbLanguages < 0) {
    throw new Error('Le paramètre "nbLanguages" doit être un nombre positif.');
  }
  const languageList = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < languages.length && i < nbLanguages; i++) {
    const languageName = languages[i]?.name || "";
    const arrAliases = (languages[i]?.alias || [])
            .filter((alias) => typeof alias === "string")
      .map((alias) => ({ name: alias }));
    const arrExtensions = (languages[i]?.extensions || [])
      .filter((extension) => typeof extension === "string")
      .map((extension) => ({ name: extension }));
    languageList.push({
      name: languageName,      
      aliases: {
        create: arrAliases,
      },
      extensions: {
        create: arrExtensions,
      },
    });
  }

  return languageList;
}

async function seedLanguage(prisma, nbLanguages) {
  try {
    const languageList = await createFakeLanguages(
      nbLanguages
    );
    await prisma.language.createMany({
      data: languageList,
    });
  } catch (e) {
    e.functionName = "seedLanguage";
    throw e;
  }
}

module.exports = seedLanguage;

seed.js

（主要脚本）

const { PrismaClient } = require("@prisma/client");
const prisma = new PrismaClient();
const seedLanguage = require("./seedLanguage");

async function runSeeds() {
  try {
    console.log("Starting seed process...");
    if (!prisma.$connect) {
      throw new Error("Prisma client has not been properly initialized.");
    }
    console.log("Executing seedLanguage()...");
    const nbLanguages = 10;
    await seedLanguage(prisma, nbLanguages);
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(
      "Error while executing seed function:",
      e.functionName
    );
    console.error("Error details:", e);
    process.exit(1);
  } finally {
    await prisma.$disconnect();
  }
}

runSeeds();

Answer 1

Prisma 的文档说：您不能直接使用具有嵌套关系的 createMany 函数。相反，您应该在循环中使用 create 函数来实现此目的。 下面是一个例子：

// schema.prisma
model Language {
  id        Int      @id @default(autoincrement())
  name      String   @unique
  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt

  pastes Paste[] @relation("paste_language")
  aliases LanguageAlias[] @relation("language_alias")
  extensions LanguageExtension[] @relation("language_extension")

  @@map("language")
}

model LanguageAlias {
  id         Int       @id @default(autoincrement())
  alias      String
  languageId Int
  language   Language  @relation("language_alias", fields: [languageId], references: [id])
  @@map("language_alias")
}

model LanguageExtension {
  id         Int       @id @default(autoincrement())
  extension  String
  languageId Int
  language   Language  @relation("language_extension", fields: [languageId], references: [id])
  @@map("language_extension")
}

// seedLanguage.js

/**
 * This script directly inserts foreign key data such as "alias" and "extension" into the main table as objects instead of doing so in the alias and extension tables by specifying the languageId.
 * I chose this approach because I find it simpler than linking the data with foreign keys.
 * To achieve this, I use the "create" function where the data is passed since "createMany" does not exist for relationships.
 */

const { languages } = require("@codemirror/language-data");

const defaultLanguages = [
  {
    name: "JavaScript",
    aliases: [{ alias: "JS" }, { alias: "ECMAScript" }],
    extensions: [{ extension: ".js" }, { extension: ".mjs" }],
  },
  {
    name: "Python",
    aliases: [{ alias: "Py" }],
    extensions: [{ extension: ".py" }],
  },
  {
    name: "Java",
    aliases: [{ alias: "JDK" }],
    extensions: [{ extension: ".java" }],
  },
  {
    name: "C++",
    aliases: [{ alias: "CPP" }],
    extensions: [{ extension: ".cpp" }],
  },
  {
    name: "Ruby",
    aliases: [{ alias: "RubyLang" }],
    extensions: [{ extension: ".rb" }],
  },
];

async function createFakeLanguages(nbLanguages) {
  if (!nbLanguages || typeof nbLanguages !== "number" || nbLanguages < 0) {
    throw new Error('The "nbLanguages" parameter must be a positive number.');
  }

  const languageList = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < languages.length && i < nbLanguages; i++) {
    const languageName = languages[i]?.name || "";
    const arrAliases = (languages[i]?.alias || [])
      .filter((alias) => typeof alias === "string")
      .map((alias) => ({ alias: alias }));
    const arrExtensions = (languages[i]?.extensions || [])
      .filter((extension) => typeof extension === "string")
      .map((extension) => ({ extension: extension }));

    languageList.push({
      name: languageName, // generateUniqueName(faker, nameSet),
      aliases: arrAliases, // tableau d'alias
      extensions: arrExtensions, // tableau d'ext
    });

  }
  return languageList;
}

async function seedLanguage(prisma, nbLanguages) {
  try {
    const languageList = await createFakeLanguages(nbLanguages);
    for (const languageData of languageList) {
      // or with predefined data from defaultLanguages : for (const languageData of defaultLanguages)
      const { aliases, extensions, ...language } = languageData;
      const createdLanguage = await prisma.language.create({
        data: {
          ...language,
          aliases: {
            create: aliases,
          },
          extensions: {
            create: extensions,
          },
        },
      });
      console.log(`Created language : ${createdLanguage.name}`);
    }
  } catch (e) {
    e.functionName = "seedLanguage";
    throw e;
  }
}

module.exports = seedLanguage;