我试图在我的一台笔记本电脑上运行Pytorch。这是一个旧型号,但它确实有一个Nvidia图形卡。我意识到它可能无法满足真正的机器学习,但我试图这样做,以便我可以学习安装CUDA的过程。
我已经遵循了CUDA上的步骤。安装指南 的Ubuntu 18.04(我的特定发行版是Xubuntu)。
我的显卡是GeForce 845M,经过以下验证 lspci | grep nvidia
:
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce 845M] (rev a2)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0fbc (rev a1)
我也安装了gcc 7.5,验证者为 gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 7.5.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
我已经安装了正确的头,通过尝试安装它们来验证。sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
linux-headers-4.15.0-106-generic is already the newest version (4.15.0-106.107).
然后我按照安装说明使用10.1版本的本地.deb进行安装。
Npw,当我运行 nvidia-smi
,我得到。
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 418.87.00 Driver Version: 418.87.00 CUDA Version: 10.1 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce 845M On | 00000000:01:00.0 Off | N/A |
| N/A 40C P0 N/A / N/A | 88MiB / 2004MiB | 1% Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: GPU Memory |
| GPU PID Type Process name Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 982 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 87MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
我跑 nvcc -V
我得到。
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2019 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Sun_Jul_28_19:07:16_PDT_2019
Cuda compilation tools, release 10.1, V10.1.243
然后我执行了安装后的指令 第6.1节,因此,作为。echo $PATH
看起来像这样。
/home/isaek/anaconda3/envs/stylegan2_pytorch/bin:/home/isaek/anaconda3/bin:/home/isaek/anaconda3/condabin:/usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
看起来像这样。
/usr/local/cuda-10.1/lib64
和我的 /etc/udev/rules.d/40-vm-hotadd.rules
文件是这样的。
# On Hyper-V and Xen Virtual Machines we want to add memory and cpus as soon as they appear
ATTR{[dmi/id]sys_vendor}=="Microsoft Corporation", ATTR{[dmi/id]product_name}=="Virtual Machine", GOTO="vm_hotadd_apply"
ATTR{[dmi/id]sys_vendor}=="Xen", GOTO="vm_hotadd_apply"
GOTO="vm_hotadd_end"
LABEL="vm_hotadd_apply"
# Memory hotadd request
# CPU hotadd request
SUBSYSTEM=="cpu", ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*", TEST=="online", ATTR{online}="1"
LABEL="vm_hotadd_end"
在这一切之后,我甚至编译并运行了样本。./deviceQuery
返回。
./deviceQuery Starting...
CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)
Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)
Device 0: "GeForce 845M"
CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version 10.1 / 10.1
CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number: 5.0
Total amount of global memory: 2004 MBytes (2101870592 bytes)
( 4) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP: 512 CUDA Cores
GPU Max Clock rate: 863 MHz (0.86 GHz)
Memory Clock rate: 1001 Mhz
Memory Bus Width: 64-bit
L2 Cache Size: 1048576 bytes
Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z) 1D=(65536), 2D=(65536, 65536), 3D=(4096, 4096, 4096)
Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers 1D=(16384), 2048 layers
Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers 2D=(16384, 16384), 2048 layers
Total amount of constant memory: 65536 bytes
Total amount of shared memory per block: 49152 bytes
Total number of registers available per block: 65536
Warp size: 32
Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor: 2048
Maximum number of threads per block: 1024
Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
Max dimension size of a grid size (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
Maximum memory pitch: 2147483647 bytes
Texture alignment: 512 bytes
Concurrent copy and kernel execution: Yes with 1 copy engine(s)
Run time limit on kernels: Yes
Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory: No
Support host page-locked memory mapping: Yes
Alignment requirement for Surfaces: Yes
Device has ECC support: Disabled
Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA): Yes
Device supports Compute Preemption: No
Supports Cooperative Kernel Launch: No
Supports MultiDevice Co-op Kernel Launch: No
Device PCI Domain ID / Bus ID / location ID: 0 / 1 / 0
Compute Mode:
< Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >
deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 10.1, CUDA Runtime Version = 10.1, NumDevs = 1
Result = PASS
and ./bandwidthTest
返回。
[CUDA Bandwidth Test] - Starting...
Running on...
Device 0: GeForce 845M
Quick Mode
Host to Device Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
PINNED Memory Transfers
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(GB/s)
32000000 11.7
Device to Host Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
PINNED Memory Transfers
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(GB/s)
32000000 11.8
Device to Device Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
PINNED Memory Transfers
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(GB/s)
32000000 14.5
Result = PASS
NOTE: The CUDA Samples are not meant for performance measurements. Results may vary when GPU Boost is enabled.
但在所有这些之后,这个Python代码段 (在安装了所有依赖关系的conda环境下):
import torch
torch.cuda.is_available()
返回 False
有人知道如何解决这个问题吗?我试着添加 /usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin
到 etc/environment
像这样。
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin
重启终端,但这并不能解决这个问题 我真的不知道还能尝试什么。
Collecting environment information...
PyTorch version: 1.5.0
Is debug build: No
CUDA used to build PyTorch: 10.2
OS: Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
GCC version: (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 7.5.0
CMake version: Could not collect
Python version: 3.6
Is CUDA available: No
CUDA runtime version: 10.1.243
GPU models and configuration: GPU 0: GeForce 845M
Nvidia driver version: 418.87.00
cuDNN version: Could not collect
Versions of relevant libraries:
[pip] numpy==1.18.5
[pip] pytorch-ranger==0.1.1
[pip] stylegan2-pytorch==0.12.0
[pip] torch==1.5.0
[pip] torch-optimizer==0.0.1a12
[pip] torchvision==0.6.0
[pip] vector-quantize-pytorch==0.0.2
[conda] numpy 1.18.5 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] pytorch-ranger 0.1.1 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] stylegan2-pytorch 0.12.0 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] torch 1.5.0 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] torch-optimizer 0.0.1a12 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] torchvision 0.6.0 pypi_0 pypi
[conda] vector-quantize-pytorch 0.0.2 pypi_0 pypi
PyTorch 不使用系统的 CUDA 库。当您使用预编译的二进制文件安装PyTorch时,可使用以下两种方法 pip
或 conda
它在出厂时附带了一份指定版本的 CUDA 库,该库已安装在本地。事实上,您甚至不需要在系统上安装 CUDA,就可以使用支持 CUDA 的 PyTorch。
有两种情况可能会导致您的问题。
您安装了只支持 CPU 的 PyTorch 版本。在这种情况下,PyTorch 没有编译成支持 CUDA 的版本,因此它不支持 CUDA。
您安装了 CUDA 10.2 版本的 PyTorch。在这种情况下,问题在于您的显卡目前使用的是 418.87 驱动程序,而该驱动程序最高只支持 CUDA 10.1。在这种情况下,有两种可能的修复方法,即安装更新的驱动程序(版本>= 440.33,根据《计算机辅助设计手册》)。表1)或安装针对 CUDA 10.1 编译的 PyTorch 版本。
要确定安装 PyTorch 时应使用的适当命令,您可以使用 "本地快速启动 "部分中的方便小工具,即 pytorch.org. 只要选择合适的操作系统、包管理器和CUDA版本,然后运行推荐的命令即可。
在你的情况下,一个解决方案是使用
conda install pytorch torchvision cudatoolkit=10.1 -c pytorch
其中明确向 conda 指定要安装针对 CUDA 10.1 编译的 PyTorch 版本。
有关 PyTorch CUDA 与驱动程序和硬件兼容性的更多信息,请参见 本回答.
编辑 在您添加了 collect_env
我们可以看出,问题在于您安装了 CUDA 10.2 版本的 PyTorch。在此基础上,安装PyTorch for CUDA 10.1的另一个解决方案是更新图形驱动程序,如第2项和链接的答案中所述。