将URL参数转换为JavaScript对象

问题描述 投票:163回答:26

我有一个像这样的字符串:

abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5

如何将其转换为像这样的JavaScript对象?

{
  abc: 'foo',
  def: '[asf]',
  xyz: 5
}
javascript jquery url url-parameters url-parsing
26个回答
295
投票

Edit

此编辑可根据注释改进并解释答案。

var search = location.search.substring(1);
JSON.parse('{"' + decodeURI(search).replace(/"/g, '\\"').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}')

通过五个步骤解析abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5

  • decodeURI:abc = foo&def = [asf]&xyz = 5
  • 逃避报价:相同,因为没有报价
  • 替换&:abc=foo","def=[asf]","xyz=5
  • 替换=:abc":"foo","def":"[asf]","xyz":"5
  • 卷发和引号环绕:qazxsw poi

这是合法的JSON。

改进的解决方案允许搜索字符串中包含更多字符。它使用reviver函数进行URI解码:

{"abc":"foo","def":"[asf]","xyz":"5"}

var search = location.search.substring(1);
JSON.parse('{"' + search.replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}', function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value) })

search = "abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&foo=b%3Dar";

Original answer

单行:

Object {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5", foo: "b=ar"}

6
投票

ES6单线。干净简单。

/**
 * Creates an object from URL encoded data
 */
var createObjFromURI = function() {
    var uri = decodeURI(location.search.substr(1));
    var chunks = uri.split('&');
    var params = Object();

    for (var i=0; i < chunks.length ; i++) {
        var chunk = chunks[i].split('=');
        if(chunk[0].search("\\[\\]") !== -1) {
            if( typeof params[chunk[0]] === 'undefined' ) {
                params[chunk[0]] = [chunk[1]];

            } else {
                params[chunk[0]].push(chunk[1]);
            }


        } else {
            params[chunk[0]] = chunk[1];
        }
    }

    return params;
}

5
投票

使用ES6,URL API和URLSearchParams API。

var obj = [...new URLSearchParams(location.search).entries()].reduce((sum, [key,val]) => Object.assign({[key]:val}, sum), {});

5
投票

ES6一个班轮(如果我们可以这样称呼它看长线)

function objectifyQueryString(url) { let _url = new URL(url); let _params = new URLSearchParams(_url.search); let query = Array.from(_params.keys()).reduce((sum, value)=>{ return Object.assign({[value]: _params.get(value)}, sum); }, {}); return query; }


3
投票

使用[...new URLSearchParams(location.search).entries()].reduce((prev, [key,val]) => {prev[key] = val; return prev}, {}) JavaScript Web API非常简单,

URLSearchParams

有用的链接

  • var paramsString = "q=forum&topic=api"; //returns an iterator object var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(paramsString); //Usage for (let p of searchParams) { console.log(p); } //Get the query strings console.log(searchParams.toString()); //You can also pass in objects var paramsObject = {q:"forum",topic:"api"} //returns an iterator object var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(paramsObject); //Usage for (let p of searchParams) { console.log(p); } //Get the query strings console.log(searchParams.toString());
  • URLSearchParams - Web APIs | MDN

注意:IE中不支持


2
投票

我没有意识到本机解决方案。如果你偶然使用该框架,Dojo有一个内置的反序列化方法。

否则你可以自己实现它而不是简单地:

Easy URL Manipulation with URLSearchParams  |  Web
      | Google Developers

编辑:添加decodeURIComponent()


2
投票

有一个名为function unserialize(str) { str = decodeURIComponent(str); var chunks = str.split('&'), obj = {}; for(var c=0; c < chunks.length; c++) { var split = chunks[c].split('=', 2); obj[split[0]] = split[1]; } return obj; } 的轻量级库已经过测试并且非常简单。

YouAreI.js

1
投票

这似乎是最好的解决方案,因为它需要考虑多个相同名称的参数。

YouAreI = require('YouAreI')
uri = new YouAreI('http://user:[email protected]:3000/a/b/c?d=dad&e=1&f=12.3#fragment');

uri.query_get() => { d: 'dad', e: '1', f: '12.3' }

我后来决定将它转换为jQuery插件......

    function paramsToJSON(str) {
        var pairs = str.split('&');
        var result = {};
        pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
            pair = pair.split('=');
            var name = pair[0]
            var value = pair[1]
            if( name.length )
                if (result[name] !== undefined) {
                    if (!result[name].push) {
                        result[name] = [result[name]];
                    }
                    result[name].push(value || '');
                } else {
                    result[name] = value || '';
                }
        });
        return( result );
    }

<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
paramsToJSON("x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah"); 

console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON

现在,第一个只接受参数,但jQuery插件将获取整个url并返回序列化参数。


1
投票

这是我使用的一个:

$.fn.serializeURLParams = function() {
    var result = {};

    if( !this.is("a") || this.attr("href").indexOf("?") == -1 ) 
        return( result );

    var pairs = this.attr("href").split("?")[1].split('&');
    pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
        pair = pair.split('=');
        var name = decodeURI(pair[0])
        var value = decodeURI(pair[1])
        if( name.length )
            if (result[name] !== undefined) {
                if (!result[name].push) {
                    result[name] = [result[name]];
                }
                result[name].push(value || '');
            } else {
                result[name] = value || '';
            }
    });
    return( result )
}

<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
$("a").serializeURLParams(); 

console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON

基本用法,例如。 var params = {}; window.location.search.substring(1).split('&').forEach(function(pair) { pair = pair.split('='); if (pair[1] !== undefined) { var key = decodeURIComponent(pair[0]), val = decodeURIComponent(pair[1]), val = val ? val.replace(/\++/g,' ').trim() : ''; if (key.length === 0) { return; } if (params[key] === undefined) { params[key] = val; } else { if ("function" !== typeof params[key].push) { params[key] = [params[key]]; } params[key].push(val); } } }); console.log(params); ?a=aa&b=bb

重复的参数,例如。 Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"} ?a=aa&b=bb&c=cc&c=potato

缺少钥匙,例如。 Object {a: "aa", b: "bb", c: ["cc","potato"]} ?a=aa&b=bb&=cc

缺少价值,例如。 Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"} ?a=aa&b=bb&c

上面的JSON / regex解决方案在这个古怪的url上抛出语法错误: Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"} ?a=aa&b=bb&c=&=dd&e


1
投票

这是我的快速和脏版本,基本上它将由'&'分隔的URL参数拆分为数组元素,然后迭代该数组,将由'='分隔的键/值对添加到对象中。我正在使用decodeURIComponent()将编码的字符转换为它们的正常字符串等价物(因此%20变为空格,%26变为'&'等):

Object {a: "aa", b: "bb", c: ""}

例:

function deparam(paramStr) {
    let paramArr = paramStr.split('&');     
    let paramObj = {};
    paramArr.forEach(e=>{
        let param = e.split('=');
        paramObj[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1]);
    });
    return paramObj;
}

回报

deparam('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5')

唯一的问题是xyz是一个字符串而不是一个数字(由于使用了decodeURIComponent()),但除此之外它不是一个糟糕的起点。


1
投票
{
    abc: "foo"
    def:"[asf]"
    xyz :"5"
}

41
投票

2019 ES6/7/8 and on approach

从ES6开始,Javascript提供了几种结构,以便为此问题创建一个高性能的解决方案。

这包括使用JSON.parse('{"' + decodeURI("abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5".replace(/&/g, "\",\"").replace(/=/g,"\":\"")) + '"}') URLSearchParams

iterators

如果您的用例要求您实际将其转换为对象,则可以实现以下功能:

let params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
params.get("abc"); // "foo"

Basic Demo

function paramsToObject(entries) {
  let result = {}
  for(let entry of entries) { // each 'entry' is a [key, value] tupple
    const [key, value] = entry;
    result[key] = value;
  }
  return result;
}

Using Object.fromEntries and spread

我们可以使用const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5'); const entries = urlParams.entries(); //returns an iterator of decoded [key,value] tuples const params = paramsToObject(entries); //{abc:"foo",def:"[asf]",xyz:"5"} (目前处于第4阶段),用Object.fromEntries取代paramsToObject

要迭代的值对是列表名称 - 值对,其中键是名称,值是值。

Object.fromEntries(entries)开始,返回一个URLParams对象,使用iterable而不是调用spread operator也将根据其规范产生条目:

.entries

注意:根据const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5'); const params = Object.fromEntries(urlParams); // {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5"} ,所有值都是自动字符串


1
投票

使用phpjs

//under ES6 
const getUrlParamAsObject = (url = window.location.href) => {
    let searchParams = url.split('?')[1];
    const result = {};
    //in case the queryString is empty
    if (searchParams!==undefined) {
        const paramParts = searchParams.split('&');
        for(let part of paramParts) {
            let paramValuePair = part.split('=');
            //exclude the case when the param has no value
            if(paramValuePair.length===2) {
                result[paramValuePair[0]] = decodeURIComponent(paramValuePair[1]);
            }
        }

    }
    return result;
}

1
投票

如果您使用的是URI.js,则可以使用:

function parse_str(str, array) { // discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/parse_str/ // original by: Cagri Ekin // improved by: Michael White (http://getsprink.com) // improved by: Jack // improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me) // bugfixed by: Onno Marsman // bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me) // bugfixed by: stag019 // bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me) // bugfixed by: MIO_KODUKI (http://mio-koduki.blogspot.com/) // reimplemented by: stag019 // input by: Dreamer // input by: Zaide (http://zaidesthings.com/) // input by: David Pesta (http://davidpesta.com/) // input by: jeicquest // note: When no argument is specified, will put variables in global scope. // note: When a particular argument has been passed, and the returned value is different parse_str of PHP. For example, a=b=c&d====c // test: skip // example 1: var arr = {}; // example 1: parse_str('first=foo&second=bar', arr); // example 1: $result = arr // returns 1: { first: 'foo', second: 'bar' } // example 2: var arr = {}; // example 2: parse_str('str_a=Jack+and+Jill+didn%27t+see+the+well.', arr); // example 2: $result = arr // returns 2: { str_a: "Jack and Jill didn't see the well." } // example 3: var abc = {3:'a'}; // example 3: parse_str('abc[a][b]["c"]=def&abc[q]=t+5'); // returns 3: {"3":"a","a":{"b":{"c":"def"}},"q":"t 5"} var strArr = String(str) .replace(/^&/, '') .replace(/&$/, '') .split('&'), sal = strArr.length, i, j, ct, p, lastObj, obj, lastIter, undef, chr, tmp, key, value, postLeftBracketPos, keys, keysLen, fixStr = function(str) { return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(/\+/g, '%20')); }; if (!array) { array = this.window; } for (i = 0; i < sal; i++) { tmp = strArr[i].split('='); key = fixStr(tmp[0]); value = (tmp.length < 2) ? '' : fixStr(tmp[1]); while (key.charAt(0) === ' ') { key = key.slice(1); } if (key.indexOf('\x00') > -1) { key = key.slice(0, key.indexOf('\x00')); } if (key && key.charAt(0) !== '[') { keys = []; postLeftBracketPos = 0; for (j = 0; j < key.length; j++) { if (key.charAt(j) === '[' && !postLeftBracketPos) { postLeftBracketPos = j + 1; } else if (key.charAt(j) === ']') { if (postLeftBracketPos) { if (!keys.length) { keys.push(key.slice(0, postLeftBracketPos - 1)); } keys.push(key.substr(postLeftBracketPos, j - postLeftBracketPos)); postLeftBracketPos = 0; if (key.charAt(j + 1) !== '[') { break; } } } } if (!keys.length) { keys = [key]; } for (j = 0; j < keys[0].length; j++) { chr = keys[0].charAt(j); if (chr === ' ' || chr === '.' || chr === '[') { keys[0] = keys[0].substr(0, j) + '_' + keys[0].substr(j + 1); } if (chr === '[') { break; } } obj = array; for (j = 0, keysLen = keys.length; j < keysLen; j++) { key = keys[j].replace(/^['"]/, '') .replace(/['"]$/, ''); lastIter = j !== keys.length - 1; lastObj = obj; if ((key !== '' && key !== ' ') || j === 0) { if (obj[key] === undef) { obj[key] = {}; } obj = obj[key]; } else { // To insert new dimension ct = -1; for (p in obj) { if (obj.hasOwnProperty(p)) { if (+p > ct && p.match(/^\d+$/g)) { ct = +p; } } } key = ct + 1; } } lastObj[key] = value; } } }

https://medialize.github.io/URI.js/docs.html#static-parseQuery

1
投票

对于Node,您可以使用以下内容:

var result = URI.parseQuery("?foo=bar&hello=world&hello=mars&bam=&yup");
result === {
  foo: "bar",
  hello: ["world", "mars"],
  bam: "",
  yup: null
};

文档:const querystring = require('querystring'); querystring.parse('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&foo=b%3Dar'); // returns the object


1
投票

2019 One-Liner Approach

对于您的具体情况:

https://nodejs.org/api/querystring.html

对于有人想要将查询参数解析为对象的更通用的情况:

Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5'));

如果您无法使用Object.fromEntries,这也将起作用:

Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams(location.search));

0
投票

首先你需要定义什么是获取VAR:

Array.from(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)).reduce((o, i) => ({ ...o, [i[0]]: i[1] }), {});

不只是阅读:

function getVar()
{
    this.length = 0;
    this.keys = [];
    this.push = function(key, value)
    {
        if(key=="") key = this.length++;
        this[key] = value;
        this.keys.push(key);
        return this[key];
    }
}

并使用如下:

function urlElement()
{
    var thisPrototype = window.location;
    for(var prototypeI in thisPrototype) this[prototypeI] = thisPrototype[prototypeI];
    this.Variables = new getVar();
    if(!this.search) return this;
    var variables = this.search.replace(/\?/g,'').split('&');
    for(var varI=0; varI<variables.length; varI++)
    {
        var nameval = variables[varI].split('=');
        var name = nameval[0].replace(/\]/g,'').split('[');
        var pVariable = this.Variables;
        for(var nameI=0;nameI<name.length;nameI++)
        {
            if(name.length-1==nameI) pVariable.push(name[nameI],nameval[1]);
            else var pVariable = (typeof pVariable[name[nameI]] != 'object')? pVariable.push(name[nameI],new getVar()) : pVariable[name[nameI]];
        }
    }
}

0
投票

我还需要在URL的查询部分(var mlocation = new urlElement(); mlocation = mlocation.Variables; for(var key=0;key<mlocation.keys.length;key++) { console.log(key); console.log(mlocation[mlocation.keys[key]]; } )处理+,所以我改编了Wolfgang的代码:

decodeURIComponent doesn't

在我的例子中,我使用jQuery来获取支持URL的表单参数,然后使用这个技巧来构建一个对象,然后我可以轻松地更新对象上的参数并重建查询URL,例如:

var search = location.search.substring(1);
search = search?JSON.parse('{"' + search.replace(/\+/g, ' ').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}',
             function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value)}):{};

0
投票

建立在var objForm = JSON.parse('{"' + $myForm.serialize().replace(/\+/g, ' ').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}', function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value)}); objForm.anyParam += stringToAddToTheParam; var serializedForm = $.param(objForm); 之上我已经完成了这个功能,它考虑了具有相同键(Mike Causer's answer)和逗号分隔参数(foo=bar&foo=baz)的多个参数。它还允许您搜索特定的查询键。

foo=bar,baz,bin

输入示例:function getQueryParams(queryKey) { var queryString = window.location.search; var query = {}; var pairs = (queryString[0] === '?' ? queryString.substr(1) : queryString).split('&'); for (var i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) { var pair = pairs[i].split('='); var key = decodeURIComponent(pair[0]); var value = decodeURIComponent(pair[1] || ''); // Se possui uma vírgula no valor, converter em um array value = (value.indexOf(',') === -1 ? value : value.split(',')); // Se a key já existe, tratar ela como um array if (query[key]) { if (query[key].constructor === Array) { // Array.concat() faz merge se o valor inserido for um array query[key] = query[key].concat(value); } else { // Se não for um array, criar um array contendo o valor anterior e o novo valor query[key] = [query[key], value]; } } else { query[key] = value; } } if (typeof queryKey === 'undefined') { return query; } else { return query[queryKey]; } }

示例输出

foo.html?foo=bar&foo=baz&foo=bez,boz,buz&bar=1,2,3

24
投票

URLSearchParams spec上拆分以获取名称/值对,然后在&上拆分每一对。这是一个例子:

=

另一种方法,使用正则表达式:

var str = "abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xy%5Bz=5"
var obj = str.split("&").reduce(function(prev, curr, i, arr) {
    var p = curr.split("=");
    prev[decodeURIComponent(p[0])] = decodeURIComponent(p[1]);
    return prev;
}, {});

这是改编自John Resig的var obj = {}; str.replace(/([^=&]+)=([^&]*)/g, function(m, key, value) { obj[decodeURIComponent(key)] = decodeURIComponent(value); });


14
投票

这是简单版本,显然你想要添加一些错误检查:

"Search and Don’t Replace"

10
投票

我发现var obj = {}; var pairs = queryString.split('&'); for(i in pairs){ var split = pairs[i].split('='); obj[decodeURIComponent(split[0])] = decodeURIComponent(split[1]); } 是最完整的预构建解决方案(可以做嵌套对象等)。看看$.String.deparam


10
投票

简洁的解决方案:

documentation

8
投票

另一种基于最新标准的URLSearchParams(location.search .slice(1) .split('&') .map(p => p.split('=')) .reduce((obj, pair) => { const [key, value] = pair.map(decodeURIComponent); return ({ ...obj, [key]: value }) }, {}); )的解决方案

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

请注意,此解决方案正在使用

Array.from(function getQueryParamsObject() { const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(location.search.slice(1)); return searchParams ? _.fromPairs(Array.from(searchParams.entries())) : {}; }

为了简单起见,还有lodash的_(frompairs(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from)。

由于您可以访问searchParams.entries()迭代器,因此创建更兼容的解决方案应该很容易。


7
投票

到目前为止我找到的建议解决方案并未涵盖更复杂的情况。

我需要转换一个查询字符串,如

https://lodash.com/docs#fromPairs

进入像这样的对象:

https://random.url.com?Target=Offer&Method=findAll&filters%5Bhas_goals_enabled%5D%5BTRUE%5D=1&filters%5Bstatus%5D=active&fields%5B%5D=id&fields%5B%5D=name&fields%5B%5D=default_goal_name

要么:

{ "Target": "Offer", "Method": "findAll", "fields": [ "id", "name", "default_goal_name" ], "filters": { "has_goals_enabled": { "TRUE": "1" }, "status": "active" } }

INTO:

https://random.url.com?Target=Report&Method=getStats&fields%5B%5D=Offer.name&fields%5B%5D=Advertiser.company&fields%5B%5D=Stat.clicks&fields%5B%5D=Stat.conversions&fields%5B%5D=Stat.cpa&fields%5B%5D=Stat.payout&fields%5B%5D=Stat.date&fields%5B%5D=Stat.offer_id&fields%5B%5D=Affiliate.company&groups%5B%5D=Stat.offer_id&groups%5B%5D=Stat.date&filters%5BStat.affiliate_id%5D%5Bconditional%5D=EQUAL_TO&filters%5BStat.affiliate_id%5D%5Bvalues%5D=1831&limit=9999

我将多个解决方案编译并调整为实际可行的解决方案:

码:

{
    "Target": "Report",
    "Method": "getStats",
    "fields": [
        "Offer.name",
        "Advertiser.company",
        "Stat.clicks",
        "Stat.conversions",
        "Stat.cpa",
        "Stat.payout",
        "Stat.date",
        "Stat.offer_id",
        "Affiliate.company"
    ],
    "groups": [
        "Stat.offer_id",
        "Stat.date"
    ],
    "limit": "9999",
    "filters": {
        "Stat.affiliate_id": {
            "conditional": "EQUAL_TO",
            "values": "1831"
        }
    }
}

6
投票

我有同样的问题,在这里尝试了解决方案,但它们都没有真正起作用,因为我在URL参数中有数组,如下所示:

var getParamsAsObject = function (query) {

    query = query.substring(query.indexOf('?') + 1);

    var re = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g;
    var decodeRE = /\+/g;

    var decode = function (str) {
        return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(decodeRE, " "));
    };

    var params = {}, e;
    while (e = re.exec(query)) {
        var k = decode(e[1]), v = decode(e[2]);
        if (k.substring(k.length - 2) === '[]') {
            k = k.substring(0, k.length - 2);
            (params[k] || (params[k] = [])).push(v);
        }
        else params[k] = v;
    }

    var assign = function (obj, keyPath, value) {
        var lastKeyIndex = keyPath.length - 1;
        for (var i = 0; i < lastKeyIndex; ++i) {
            var key = keyPath[i];
            if (!(key in obj))
                obj[key] = {}
            obj = obj[key];
        }
        obj[keyPath[lastKeyIndex]] = value;
    }

    for (var prop in params) {
        var structure = prop.split('[');
        if (structure.length > 1) {
            var levels = [];
            structure.forEach(function (item, i) {
                var key = item.replace(/[?[\]\\ ]/g, '');
                levels.push(key);
            });
            assign(params, levels, params[prop]);
            delete(params[prop]);
        }
    }
    return params;
};

所以我最终编写了自己的JS函数,它在URI中的param中创建了一个数组:

?param[]=5&param[]=8&othr_param=abc&param[]=string
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