我有一个像这样的字符串:
abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5
如何将其转换为像这样的JavaScript对象?
{
abc: 'foo',
def: '[asf]',
xyz: 5
}
此编辑可根据注释改进并解释答案。
var search = location.search.substring(1);
JSON.parse('{"' + decodeURI(search).replace(/"/g, '\\"').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}')
例
通过五个步骤解析abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5
:
abc=foo","def=[asf]","xyz=5
abc":"foo","def":"[asf]","xyz":"5
这是合法的JSON。
改进的解决方案允许搜索字符串中包含更多字符。它使用reviver函数进行URI解码:
{"abc":"foo","def":"[asf]","xyz":"5"}
例
var search = location.search.substring(1);
JSON.parse('{"' + search.replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}', function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value) })
给
search = "abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&foo=b%3Dar";
单行:
Object {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5", foo: "b=ar"}
ES6单线。干净简单。
/**
* Creates an object from URL encoded data
*/
var createObjFromURI = function() {
var uri = decodeURI(location.search.substr(1));
var chunks = uri.split('&');
var params = Object();
for (var i=0; i < chunks.length ; i++) {
var chunk = chunks[i].split('=');
if(chunk[0].search("\\[\\]") !== -1) {
if( typeof params[chunk[0]] === 'undefined' ) {
params[chunk[0]] = [chunk[1]];
} else {
params[chunk[0]].push(chunk[1]);
}
} else {
params[chunk[0]] = chunk[1];
}
}
return params;
}
使用ES6,URL API和URLSearchParams API。
var obj = [...new URLSearchParams(location.search).entries()].reduce((sum, [key,val]) => Object.assign({[key]:val}, sum), {});
ES6一个班轮(如果我们可以这样称呼它看长线)
function objectifyQueryString(url) {
let _url = new URL(url);
let _params = new URLSearchParams(_url.search);
let query = Array.from(_params.keys()).reduce((sum, value)=>{
return Object.assign({[value]: _params.get(value)}, sum);
}, {});
return query;
}
使用[...new URLSearchParams(location.search).entries()].reduce((prev, [key,val]) => {prev[key] = val; return prev}, {})
JavaScript Web API非常简单,
URLSearchParams
var paramsString = "q=forum&topic=api";
//returns an iterator object
var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(paramsString);
//Usage
for (let p of searchParams) {
console.log(p);
}
//Get the query strings
console.log(searchParams.toString());
//You can also pass in objects
var paramsObject = {q:"forum",topic:"api"}
//returns an iterator object
var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(paramsObject);
//Usage
for (let p of searchParams) {
console.log(p);
}
//Get the query strings
console.log(searchParams.toString());
注意:IE中不支持
我没有意识到本机解决方案。如果你偶然使用该框架,Dojo有一个内置的反序列化方法。
否则你可以自己实现它而不是简单地:
Easy URL Manipulation with URLSearchParams | Web | Google Developers
编辑:添加decodeURIComponent()
有一个名为function unserialize(str) {
str = decodeURIComponent(str);
var chunks = str.split('&'),
obj = {};
for(var c=0; c < chunks.length; c++) {
var split = chunks[c].split('=', 2);
obj[split[0]] = split[1];
}
return obj;
}
的轻量级库已经过测试并且非常简单。
YouAreI.js
这似乎是最好的解决方案,因为它需要考虑多个相同名称的参数。
YouAreI = require('YouAreI')
uri = new YouAreI('http://user:[email protected]:3000/a/b/c?d=dad&e=1&f=12.3#fragment');
uri.query_get() => { d: 'dad', e: '1', f: '12.3' }
我后来决定将它转换为jQuery插件......
function paramsToJSON(str) {
var pairs = str.split('&');
var result = {};
pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
pair = pair.split('=');
var name = pair[0]
var value = pair[1]
if( name.length )
if (result[name] !== undefined) {
if (!result[name].push) {
result[name] = [result[name]];
}
result[name].push(value || '');
} else {
result[name] = value || '';
}
});
return( result );
}
<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
paramsToJSON("x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah");
console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON
现在,第一个只接受参数,但jQuery插件将获取整个url并返回序列化参数。
这是我使用的一个:
$.fn.serializeURLParams = function() {
var result = {};
if( !this.is("a") || this.attr("href").indexOf("?") == -1 )
return( result );
var pairs = this.attr("href").split("?")[1].split('&');
pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
pair = pair.split('=');
var name = decodeURI(pair[0])
var value = decodeURI(pair[1])
if( name.length )
if (result[name] !== undefined) {
if (!result[name].push) {
result[name] = [result[name]];
}
result[name].push(value || '');
} else {
result[name] = value || '';
}
});
return( result )
}
<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
$("a").serializeURLParams();
console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON
基本用法,例如。
var params = {};
window.location.search.substring(1).split('&').forEach(function(pair) {
pair = pair.split('=');
if (pair[1] !== undefined) {
var key = decodeURIComponent(pair[0]),
val = decodeURIComponent(pair[1]),
val = val ? val.replace(/\++/g,' ').trim() : '';
if (key.length === 0) {
return;
}
if (params[key] === undefined) {
params[key] = val;
}
else {
if ("function" !== typeof params[key].push) {
params[key] = [params[key]];
}
params[key].push(val);
}
}
});
console.log(params);
?a=aa&b=bb
重复的参数,例如。
Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"}
?a=aa&b=bb&c=cc&c=potato
缺少钥匙,例如。
Object {a: "aa", b: "bb", c: ["cc","potato"]}
?a=aa&b=bb&=cc
缺少价值,例如。
Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"}
?a=aa&b=bb&c
上面的JSON / regex解决方案在这个古怪的url上抛出语法错误:
Object {a: "aa", b: "bb"}
?a=aa&b=bb&c=&=dd&e
这是我的快速和脏版本,基本上它将由'&'分隔的URL参数拆分为数组元素,然后迭代该数组,将由'='分隔的键/值对添加到对象中。我正在使用decodeURIComponent()将编码的字符转换为它们的正常字符串等价物(因此%20变为空格,%26变为'&'等):
Object {a: "aa", b: "bb", c: ""}
例:
function deparam(paramStr) {
let paramArr = paramStr.split('&');
let paramObj = {};
paramArr.forEach(e=>{
let param = e.split('=');
paramObj[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1]);
});
return paramObj;
}
回报
deparam('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5')
唯一的问题是xyz是一个字符串而不是一个数字(由于使用了decodeURIComponent()),但除此之外它不是一个糟糕的起点。
{
abc: "foo"
def:"[asf]"
xyz :"5"
}
从ES6开始,Javascript提供了几种结构,以便为此问题创建一个高性能的解决方案。
这包括使用JSON.parse('{"' + decodeURI("abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5".replace(/&/g, "\",\"").replace(/=/g,"\":\"")) + '"}')
和URLSearchParams
iterators
如果您的用例要求您实际将其转换为对象,则可以实现以下功能:
let params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
params.get("abc"); // "foo"
function paramsToObject(entries) {
let result = {}
for(let entry of entries) { // each 'entry' is a [key, value] tupple
const [key, value] = entry;
result[key] = value;
}
return result;
}
我们可以使用const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const entries = urlParams.entries(); //returns an iterator of decoded [key,value] tuples
const params = paramsToObject(entries); //{abc:"foo",def:"[asf]",xyz:"5"}
(目前处于第4阶段),用Object.fromEntries取代paramsToObject
。
要迭代的值对是列表名称 - 值对,其中键是名称,值是值。
从Object.fromEntries(entries)
开始,返回一个URLParams
对象,使用iterable而不是调用spread operator也将根据其规范产生条目:
.entries
注意:根据const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const params = Object.fromEntries(urlParams); // {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5"}
,所有值都是自动字符串
使用phpjs
//under ES6
const getUrlParamAsObject = (url = window.location.href) => {
let searchParams = url.split('?')[1];
const result = {};
//in case the queryString is empty
if (searchParams!==undefined) {
const paramParts = searchParams.split('&');
for(let part of paramParts) {
let paramValuePair = part.split('=');
//exclude the case when the param has no value
if(paramValuePair.length===2) {
result[paramValuePair[0]] = decodeURIComponent(paramValuePair[1]);
}
}
}
return result;
}
如果您使用的是URI.js,则可以使用:
function parse_str(str, array) {
// discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/parse_str/
// original by: Cagri Ekin
// improved by: Michael White (http://getsprink.com)
// improved by: Jack
// improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
// bugfixed by: Onno Marsman
// bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
// bugfixed by: stag019
// bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
// bugfixed by: MIO_KODUKI (http://mio-koduki.blogspot.com/)
// reimplemented by: stag019
// input by: Dreamer
// input by: Zaide (http://zaidesthings.com/)
// input by: David Pesta (http://davidpesta.com/)
// input by: jeicquest
// note: When no argument is specified, will put variables in global scope.
// note: When a particular argument has been passed, and the returned value is different parse_str of PHP. For example, a=b=c&d====c
// test: skip
// example 1: var arr = {};
// example 1: parse_str('first=foo&second=bar', arr);
// example 1: $result = arr
// returns 1: { first: 'foo', second: 'bar' }
// example 2: var arr = {};
// example 2: parse_str('str_a=Jack+and+Jill+didn%27t+see+the+well.', arr);
// example 2: $result = arr
// returns 2: { str_a: "Jack and Jill didn't see the well." }
// example 3: var abc = {3:'a'};
// example 3: parse_str('abc[a][b]["c"]=def&abc[q]=t+5');
// returns 3: {"3":"a","a":{"b":{"c":"def"}},"q":"t 5"}
var strArr = String(str)
.replace(/^&/, '')
.replace(/&$/, '')
.split('&'),
sal = strArr.length,
i, j, ct, p, lastObj, obj, lastIter, undef, chr, tmp, key, value,
postLeftBracketPos, keys, keysLen,
fixStr = function(str) {
return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(/\+/g, '%20'));
};
if (!array) {
array = this.window;
}
for (i = 0; i < sal; i++) {
tmp = strArr[i].split('=');
key = fixStr(tmp[0]);
value = (tmp.length < 2) ? '' : fixStr(tmp[1]);
while (key.charAt(0) === ' ') {
key = key.slice(1);
}
if (key.indexOf('\x00') > -1) {
key = key.slice(0, key.indexOf('\x00'));
}
if (key && key.charAt(0) !== '[') {
keys = [];
postLeftBracketPos = 0;
for (j = 0; j < key.length; j++) {
if (key.charAt(j) === '[' && !postLeftBracketPos) {
postLeftBracketPos = j + 1;
} else if (key.charAt(j) === ']') {
if (postLeftBracketPos) {
if (!keys.length) {
keys.push(key.slice(0, postLeftBracketPos - 1));
}
keys.push(key.substr(postLeftBracketPos, j - postLeftBracketPos));
postLeftBracketPos = 0;
if (key.charAt(j + 1) !== '[') {
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!keys.length) {
keys = [key];
}
for (j = 0; j < keys[0].length; j++) {
chr = keys[0].charAt(j);
if (chr === ' ' || chr === '.' || chr === '[') {
keys[0] = keys[0].substr(0, j) + '_' + keys[0].substr(j + 1);
}
if (chr === '[') {
break;
}
}
obj = array;
for (j = 0, keysLen = keys.length; j < keysLen; j++) {
key = keys[j].replace(/^['"]/, '')
.replace(/['"]$/, '');
lastIter = j !== keys.length - 1;
lastObj = obj;
if ((key !== '' && key !== ' ') || j === 0) {
if (obj[key] === undef) {
obj[key] = {};
}
obj = obj[key];
} else { // To insert new dimension
ct = -1;
for (p in obj) {
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
if (+p > ct && p.match(/^\d+$/g)) {
ct = +p;
}
}
}
key = ct + 1;
}
}
lastObj[key] = value;
}
}
}
https://medialize.github.io/URI.js/docs.html#static-parseQuery
对于Node,您可以使用以下内容:
var result = URI.parseQuery("?foo=bar&hello=world&hello=mars&bam=&yup");
result === {
foo: "bar",
hello: ["world", "mars"],
bam: "",
yup: null
};
文档:const querystring = require('querystring');
querystring.parse('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&foo=b%3Dar');
// returns the object
对于您的具体情况:
https://nodejs.org/api/querystring.html
对于有人想要将查询参数解析为对象的更通用的情况:
Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5'));
如果您无法使用Object.fromEntries,这也将起作用:
Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams(location.search));
首先你需要定义什么是获取VAR:
Array.from(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)).reduce((o, i) => ({ ...o, [i[0]]: i[1] }), {});
不只是阅读:
function getVar()
{
this.length = 0;
this.keys = [];
this.push = function(key, value)
{
if(key=="") key = this.length++;
this[key] = value;
this.keys.push(key);
return this[key];
}
}
并使用如下:
function urlElement()
{
var thisPrototype = window.location;
for(var prototypeI in thisPrototype) this[prototypeI] = thisPrototype[prototypeI];
this.Variables = new getVar();
if(!this.search) return this;
var variables = this.search.replace(/\?/g,'').split('&');
for(var varI=0; varI<variables.length; varI++)
{
var nameval = variables[varI].split('=');
var name = nameval[0].replace(/\]/g,'').split('[');
var pVariable = this.Variables;
for(var nameI=0;nameI<name.length;nameI++)
{
if(name.length-1==nameI) pVariable.push(name[nameI],nameval[1]);
else var pVariable = (typeof pVariable[name[nameI]] != 'object')? pVariable.push(name[nameI],new getVar()) : pVariable[name[nameI]];
}
}
}
我还需要在URL的查询部分(var mlocation = new urlElement();
mlocation = mlocation.Variables;
for(var key=0;key<mlocation.keys.length;key++)
{
console.log(key);
console.log(mlocation[mlocation.keys[key]];
}
)处理+
,所以我改编了Wolfgang的代码:
decodeURIComponent doesn't
在我的例子中,我使用jQuery来获取支持URL的表单参数,然后使用这个技巧来构建一个对象,然后我可以轻松地更新对象上的参数并重建查询URL,例如:
var search = location.search.substring(1);
search = search?JSON.parse('{"' + search.replace(/\+/g, ' ').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}',
function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value)}):{};
建立在var objForm = JSON.parse('{"' + $myForm.serialize().replace(/\+/g, ' ').replace(/&/g, '","').replace(/=/g,'":"') + '"}',
function(key, value) { return key===""?value:decodeURIComponent(value)});
objForm.anyParam += stringToAddToTheParam;
var serializedForm = $.param(objForm);
之上我已经完成了这个功能,它考虑了具有相同键(Mike Causer's answer)和逗号分隔参数(foo=bar&foo=baz
)的多个参数。它还允许您搜索特定的查询键。
foo=bar,baz,bin
输入示例:function getQueryParams(queryKey) {
var queryString = window.location.search;
var query = {};
var pairs = (queryString[0] === '?' ? queryString.substr(1) : queryString).split('&');
for (var i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) {
var pair = pairs[i].split('=');
var key = decodeURIComponent(pair[0]);
var value = decodeURIComponent(pair[1] || '');
// Se possui uma vírgula no valor, converter em um array
value = (value.indexOf(',') === -1 ? value : value.split(','));
// Se a key já existe, tratar ela como um array
if (query[key]) {
if (query[key].constructor === Array) {
// Array.concat() faz merge se o valor inserido for um array
query[key] = query[key].concat(value);
} else {
// Se não for um array, criar um array contendo o valor anterior e o novo valor
query[key] = [query[key], value];
}
} else {
query[key] = value;
}
}
if (typeof queryKey === 'undefined') {
return query;
} else {
return query[queryKey];
}
}
示例输出
foo.html?foo=bar&foo=baz&foo=bez,boz,buz&bar=1,2,3
在URLSearchParams spec上拆分以获取名称/值对,然后在&
上拆分每一对。这是一个例子:
=
另一种方法,使用正则表达式:
var str = "abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xy%5Bz=5"
var obj = str.split("&").reduce(function(prev, curr, i, arr) {
var p = curr.split("=");
prev[decodeURIComponent(p[0])] = decodeURIComponent(p[1]);
return prev;
}, {});
这是改编自John Resig的var obj = {};
str.replace(/([^=&]+)=([^&]*)/g, function(m, key, value) {
obj[decodeURIComponent(key)] = decodeURIComponent(value);
});
。
这是简单版本,显然你想要添加一些错误检查:
"Search and Don’t Replace"
我发现var obj = {};
var pairs = queryString.split('&');
for(i in pairs){
var split = pairs[i].split('=');
obj[decodeURIComponent(split[0])] = decodeURIComponent(split[1]);
}
是最完整的预构建解决方案(可以做嵌套对象等)。看看$.String.deparam。
简洁的解决方案:
documentation
另一种基于最新标准的URLSearchParams(location.search
.slice(1)
.split('&')
.map(p => p.split('='))
.reduce((obj, pair) => {
const [key, value] = pair.map(decodeURIComponent);
return ({ ...obj, [key]: value })
}, {});
)的解决方案
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams
请注意,此解决方案正在使用
Array.from(function getQueryParamsObject() {
const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(location.search.slice(1));
return searchParams
? _.fromPairs(Array.from(searchParams.entries()))
: {};
}
)
为了简单起见,还有lodash的_(frompairs(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from)。
由于您可以访问searchParams.entries()迭代器,因此创建更兼容的解决方案应该很容易。
到目前为止我找到的建议解决方案并未涵盖更复杂的情况。
我需要转换一个查询字符串,如
https://lodash.com/docs#fromPairs
进入像这样的对象:
https://random.url.com?Target=Offer&Method=findAll&filters%5Bhas_goals_enabled%5D%5BTRUE%5D=1&filters%5Bstatus%5D=active&fields%5B%5D=id&fields%5B%5D=name&fields%5B%5D=default_goal_name
要么:
{
"Target": "Offer",
"Method": "findAll",
"fields": [
"id",
"name",
"default_goal_name"
],
"filters": {
"has_goals_enabled": {
"TRUE": "1"
},
"status": "active"
}
}
INTO:
https://random.url.com?Target=Report&Method=getStats&fields%5B%5D=Offer.name&fields%5B%5D=Advertiser.company&fields%5B%5D=Stat.clicks&fields%5B%5D=Stat.conversions&fields%5B%5D=Stat.cpa&fields%5B%5D=Stat.payout&fields%5B%5D=Stat.date&fields%5B%5D=Stat.offer_id&fields%5B%5D=Affiliate.company&groups%5B%5D=Stat.offer_id&groups%5B%5D=Stat.date&filters%5BStat.affiliate_id%5D%5Bconditional%5D=EQUAL_TO&filters%5BStat.affiliate_id%5D%5Bvalues%5D=1831&limit=9999
码:
{
"Target": "Report",
"Method": "getStats",
"fields": [
"Offer.name",
"Advertiser.company",
"Stat.clicks",
"Stat.conversions",
"Stat.cpa",
"Stat.payout",
"Stat.date",
"Stat.offer_id",
"Affiliate.company"
],
"groups": [
"Stat.offer_id",
"Stat.date"
],
"limit": "9999",
"filters": {
"Stat.affiliate_id": {
"conditional": "EQUAL_TO",
"values": "1831"
}
}
}
我有同样的问题,在这里尝试了解决方案,但它们都没有真正起作用,因为我在URL参数中有数组,如下所示:
var getParamsAsObject = function (query) {
query = query.substring(query.indexOf('?') + 1);
var re = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g;
var decodeRE = /\+/g;
var decode = function (str) {
return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(decodeRE, " "));
};
var params = {}, e;
while (e = re.exec(query)) {
var k = decode(e[1]), v = decode(e[2]);
if (k.substring(k.length - 2) === '[]') {
k = k.substring(0, k.length - 2);
(params[k] || (params[k] = [])).push(v);
}
else params[k] = v;
}
var assign = function (obj, keyPath, value) {
var lastKeyIndex = keyPath.length - 1;
for (var i = 0; i < lastKeyIndex; ++i) {
var key = keyPath[i];
if (!(key in obj))
obj[key] = {}
obj = obj[key];
}
obj[keyPath[lastKeyIndex]] = value;
}
for (var prop in params) {
var structure = prop.split('[');
if (structure.length > 1) {
var levels = [];
structure.forEach(function (item, i) {
var key = item.replace(/[?[\]\\ ]/g, '');
levels.push(key);
});
assign(params, levels, params[prop]);
delete(params[prop]);
}
}
return params;
};
所以我最终编写了自己的JS函数,它在URI中的param中创建了一个数组:
?param[]=5¶m[]=8&othr_param=abc¶m[]=string