在我最近的一个涉及图像波浪/纹波生成的项目中，我似乎遇到了障碍。我在网格上制作了一个可以完美运行的基本颜色;哎呀，我甚至根据波浪的高度添加了颜色。
但是，我的总体目标是使这个效果在像你看到here的图像上工作。我正在遵循人们称之为Hugo Elias方法的算法（尽管如果他真的想出了设计，那就是idk）。他的教程可以找到here！
在遵循该教程时，我发现他的伪代码难以理解。我的意思是大多数情况下的概念是有意义的，直到我在图像上击中高度图部分。问题是x和y偏移会抛出一个ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException，因为他将偏移量添加到相应的x或y。如果波太大（即在我的情况下为512），则会抛出错误;然而，如果它太小你就看不到它。
我试图实现他的算法的任何想法或修复？
所以我不能真正制作一个小的可编译版本并显示问题，但我会给出我在算法中使用的三种方法。还要记住，buffer1和buffer2是wave（current和previous）的高度图，imgArray是一个bufferedImage，由一个充满ARGB值的int [img.getWidth（）* img.getHeight（）]表示。
无论如何你去：
public class WaveRippleAlgorithmOnImage extends JPanel implements Runnable, MouseListener, MouseMotionListener
{
private int[] buffer1;
private int[] buffer2;
private int[] imgArray;
private int[] movedImgArray;
private static double dampening = 0.96;
private BufferedImage img;
public WaveRippleAlgorithmOnImage(BufferedImage img)
{
this.img = img;
imgArray = new int[img.getHeight()*img.getWidth()];
movedImgArray = new int[img.getHeight()*img.getWidth()];
imgArray = img.getRGB(0, 0,
img.getWidth(), img.getHeight(),
null, 0, img.getWidth());
//OLD CODE
/*for(int y = 0; y < img.getHeight(); y++)
{
for(int x = 0; x < img.getWidth(); x++)
{
imgArray[y][x] = temp[0 + (y-0)*img.getWidth() + (x-0)];
}
}*/
buffer1 = new int[img.getHeight()*img.getWidth()];
buffer2 = new int[img.getHeight()*img.getWidth()];
buffer1[buffer1.length/2] = (img.getWidth() <= img.getHeight() ? img.getWidth() / 3 : img.getHeight() / 3);
//buffer1[25][25] = 10;
back = new BufferedImage(img.getWidth(), img.getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
this.addMouseListener(this);
this.addMouseMotionListener(this);
}
//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Used Methods">
@Override
public void run()
{
while(true)
{
this.update();
this.repaint();
this.swap();
}
}
//Called from Thread to update movedImgArray prior to being drawn.
private void update()
{
//This is my attempt of trying to convert his code to java.
for (int i=img.getWidth(); i < imgArray.length - 1; i++)
{
if(i % img.getWidth() == 0 || i >= imgArray.length - img.getWidth())
continue;
buffer2[i] = (
((buffer1[i-1]+
buffer1[i+1]+
buffer1[i-img.getWidth()]+
buffer1[i+img.getWidth()]) >> 1)) - buffer2[i];
buffer2[i] -= (buffer2[i] >> 5);
}
//Still my version of his code, because of the int[] instead of int[][].
for (int y = 1; y < img.getHeight() - 2; y++)
{
for(int x = 1; x < img.getWidth() - 2; x++)
{
int xOffset = buffer1[((y)*img.getWidth()) + (x-1)] - buffer1[((y)*img.getWidth()) + (x+1)];
int yOffset = buffer1[((y-1)*img.getWidth()) + (x)] - buffer1[((y+1)*img.getWidth()) + (x)];
int shading = xOffset;
//Here is where the error occurs (after a click or wave started), because yOffset becomes -512; which in turn gets
//multiplied by y... Not good... -_-
movedImgArray[(y*img.getWidth()) + x] = imgArray[((y+yOffset)*img.getWidth()) + (x+xOffset)] + shading;
}
}
//This is my OLD code that kidna worked...
//I threw in here to show you how I was doing it before I switched to images.
/*
for(int y = 1; y < img.getHeight() - 1; y++)
{
for(int x = 1; x < img.getWidth() - 1; x++)
{
//buffer2[y][x] = ((buffer1[y][x-1] +
//buffer1[y][x+1] +
//buffer1[y+1][x] +
//buffer1[y-1][x]) / 4) - buffer2[y][x];
buffer2[y][x] = ((buffer1[y][x-1] +
buffer1[y][x+1] +
buffer1[y+1][x] +
buffer1[y-1][x] +
buffer1[y + 1][x-1] +
buffer1[y + 1][x+1] +
buffer1[y - 1][x - 1] +
buffer1[y - 1][x + 1]) / 4) - buffer2[y][x];
buffer2[y][x] = (int)(buffer2[y][x] * dampening);
}
}*/
}
//Swaps buffers
private void swap()
{
int[] temp;
temp = buffer2;
buffer2 = buffer1;
buffer1 = temp;
}
//This creates a wave upon clicking. It also is where that 512 is coming from.
//512 was about right in my OLD code shown above, but helps to cause the Exeception now.
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)
{
if(e.getX() > 0 && e.getY() > 0 && e.getX() < img.getWidth() && e.getY() < img.getHeight())
buffer2[((e.getY())*img.getWidth()) + (e.getX())] = 512;
}
private BufferedImage back;
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
super.paintComponent(g);
back.setRGB(0, 0, img.getWidth(), img.getHeight(), movedImgArray, 0, img.getWidth());
g.drawImage(back, 0, 0, null);
}
}
附：这是旧代码工作的两个图像。
看看我原来的伪代码，我假设当您尝试根据偏移量查找纹理时，会发生Array Out Of Bounds错误。问题的发生是因为水中的折射使我们能够看到纹理之外。
for every pixel (x,y) in the buffer
Xoffset = buffer(x-1, y) - buffer(x+1, y)
Yoffset = buffer(x, y-1) - buffer(x, y+1)
Shading = Xoffset
t = texture(x+Xoffset, y+Yoffset) // Array out of bounds?
p = t + Shading
plot pixel at (x,y) with colour p
end loop
解决这个问题的方法就是钳制纹理坐标，或让它们换行。此外，如果您发现折射量太大，可以通过稍微移位Xoffset和Yoffset值来减少折射量。
int clamp(int x, int min, int max)
{
if (x < min) return min;
if (x > max) return max;
return x;
}
int wrap(int x, int min, int max)
{
while (x<min)
x += (1+max-min);
while (x>max)
x -= (1+max-min);
return x;
}
for every pixel (x,y) in the buffer
Xoffset = buffer(x-1, y) - buffer(x+1, y)
Yoffset = buffer(x, y-1) - buffer(x, y+1)
Shading = Xoffset
Xoffset >>= 1 // Halve the amount of refraction
Yoffset >>= 1 // if you want.
Xcoordinate = clamp(x+Xoffset, 0, Xmax) // Use clamp() or wrap() here
Ycoordinate = clamp(y+Yoffset, 0, Ymax) //
t = texture(Xcoordinate, Ycoordinate)
p = t + Shading
plot pixel at (x,y) with colour p
end loop